Publications
Articles, publications, books, tools and multimedia features from the U.S. Institute of Peace provide the latest news, analysis, research findings, practitioner guides and reports, all related to the conflict zones and issues that are at the center of the Institute’s work to prevent and reduce violent conflict.
What Sparked the Latest Israeli-Palestinian Confrontations?
For weeks, tensions have been building between Israelis and Palestinians in Jerusalem, with a confluence of recent events and longer-term trends leading to the latest violence. Israeli restrictions around holy sites during Ramadan; increasingly intense protests and violence on both the Israeli and Palestinian sides, with each side blaming the other for initiating; and a court decision, now under higher court review, to remove Palestinian families from an East Jerusalem neighborhood preceded this latest round of conflict — the most violent since the 2014 Gaza war. More broadly though, sclerotic Israeli and Palestinian internal politics not only made this conflagration more likely, but also mean that finding a path to de-escalation will be more difficult.
Gender Inclusive Framework and Theory (Burmese)
အားလုံးပါဝင်မှုရှိသော ကျားမရေးရာ မူဘောင်နှင့် သဘောတရားလမ်းညွှန် (GIFT) သည် စီမံကိန်းဒီဇိုင်းများရေးဆွဲရာတွင် ကျားမရေးရာဆန်းစစ်လေ့လာမှုကို ထည့်သွင်းဆောင်ရွက်နိုင်ရန် ထောက်ပံ့ပေးသော၊ လုပ်ဆောင်ရလွယ်ကူပြီး စေ့စပ်သေချာသော စနစ်တစ်ခုဖြစ်ပါသည်။ ငြိမ်းချမ်းရေးတည်ဆောက်ခြင်းသည် အခြေအနေအပေါ် မူတည်နေသည့်အတွက် အမျိုးသမီး၊ ငြိမ်းချမ်းရေးနှင့် လုံခြုံရေးနည်းလမ်း၊ ငြိမ်းချမ်းသောဖိုဆန်သည့်နည်းလမ်း၊ ဝိသေသလက္ခဏာများကို ဆက်နွယ် ပိုင်းခြားသတ်မှတ်ခြင်းနည်းလမ်း စသည်ဖြင့် ကျားမဆန်းစစ်လေ့လာမှု ဆိုင်ရာ နည်းလမ်း (၃) မျိုးကို ဤလမ်းညွှန်တွင် ဖော်ပြထားပြီး ပိုမိုကောင်းမွန်သော ငြိမ်းချမ်းရေးတည်ဆောက်မှုစီမံကိန်းများကို ဖော်ဆောင်နိုင်ရန်အတွက် ပေးထား သော အခြေအနေပတ်ဝန်းကျင်တစ်ရပ်တွင် ကျားမရေးရာအခြေပြုတွန်းအားများကို ယင်းနည်းလမ်းတစ်ခုစီက ပိုမိုဖော်ဆောင်ပေးနိုင်သည်။
Where Is Iraq a Year After Prime Minister Kadhimi Took Office?
Iraqi Prime Minister Mustafa al-Kadhimi came to power a year ago today after a protest movement toppled the previous government and successive attempts to establish a new one failed. Inheriting a country deep in the midst of political and economic crises, Kadhimi has spent the last year trying to put Iraq back on the path toward stability all while navigating U.S.-Iran tensions playing out on Iraqi soil. USIP’s Elie Abouaoun and Sarhang Hamasaeed look at what Kadhimi has done to attempt to placate protesters, the importance of Iraq’s October national elections and how the prime minister has dealt with U.S.-Iran tensions.
Gender Inclusive Framework and Theory (Swahili)
Mwongozo wa Nadharia na Mfumo wa Kujumuisha Jinsia Zote (GIFT) ni njia rahisi na zana ya kina inayowezesha kujumuisha uchambuzi wa kijinsia katika uundaji wa mradi. Kwa sababu kazi ya kudumisha amani inategemea muktadha, GIFT inaweka mbele njia tatu za uchambuzi wa kijinsia-mtazamo wa Wanawake, Amani na Usalama; mtazamo wa Uume wenye Amani; na mtazamo wa Utambulisho Ingiliani-ambazo zote zinaangizia mabadiliko ya kijinsia katika mazingira fulani ili kutengeneza vyema miradi ya kudumisha amani.
The Evolving U.S.-China Tech Rivalry in Africa
A battle is unfolding between United States and Chinese tech firms over who will control what millions of people in Africa can see, hear, read and say.
Border Clash Between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan Risks Spinning Out of Control
A dispute over irrigation water triggered a clash between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan last week that quickly spread along the border, resulting in the death of more than 40 people and displacing 30,000 on the Kyrgyz side — the worst such incident in the region since the collapse of the Soviet Union. While such flare-ups, albeit less deadly, are a regular occurrence in the region, this time the situation could get out of hand as the leaders of both countries are incentivized to stoke a crisis that distracts from the domestic unrest caused by their mismanagement of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Can India Escape its Devastating Second COVID Wave?
India’s second wave of COVID has quickly turned into one of the worst outbreaks in the world. Since early March, official cases and deaths have skyrocketed, recently breaking world records on an almost daily basis. Meanwhile, Indian officials are warning the country’s health care system cannot keep up with the deluge of patients as supplies run thin, exposing India’s ailing health infrastructure. USIP’s Tamanna Salikuddin and Vikram Singh look at the origins of India’s second wave, its far-reaching consequences in the global fight against COVID and what the international community can and should do to help India weather the storm.
Ethiopia: Contemplating Elections and the Prospects for Peaceful Reform
Ethiopia is approaching parliamentary elections on June 5. This will be the first vote since the process of reform launched in 2018 by Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, and the stakes are extremely high. Elections to the next national parliament, the House of People's Representatives, may determine future decisions about the structure of the country and consolidate the ruling party’s power. While the short-term outlook for the vote is unlikely to change, the election may offer opportunities to support political dialogue which could sustain important reforms and decrease polarization.
Even After Withdrawal, U.S. Retains Leverage Over Taliban
President Biden’s announcement that U.S. troops would withdraw by September 11 has many Afghans and observers warning of a quick collapse of the Afghan state and a new phase in the country’s civil war. Without minimizing the challenges ahead, the United States should avoid any self-fulfilling prophecy of imminent collapse by insisting that the only future for Afghanistan is one that advances the gains of the past 20 years. As troops begin to depart, it is an opportune time to examine three forms of leverage the United States has to promote a political settlement.
Why Biden’s Recognition of the Armenian Genocide Is Significant
On April 24, U.S. President Joseph R. Biden, Jr. recognized the 1915 mass killing and deportation of an estimated one million Armenians in Turkey as genocide. Through a press statement issued on Armenian Genocide Remembrance Day, the president righted a historical wrong — failure by past U.S. presidents to recognize the crimes perpetrated against the Armenians as a genocide — and underscored the U.S. commitment to preventing future instances of genocide and mass atrocities.