Publications
Articles, publications, books, tools and multimedia features from the U.S. Institute of Peace provide the latest news, analysis, research findings, practitioner guides and reports, all related to the conflict zones and issues that are at the center of the Institute’s work to prevent and reduce violent conflict.
It’s Not Too Early to Talk about Plan Ecuador
Since his assumption of Ecuador’s presidency on November 23, 2023, Daniel Noboa has faced a surge in violence that culminated the week of January 8th with prison riots, the abduction of police officers, car bombings, looting and the dramatic kidnapping of TV presenters during a live broadcast. Noboa fought back by announcing a state of emergency, opening the way for the armed forces to confront 22 gangs classified as “terrorist organizations.” It is not too early to consider a surge in international support for Ecuador, such as a more modest and community-centered version of the highly successful Plan Colombia, given the strength of transnational and national criminal organizations.
No es demasiado pronto para hablar sobre un Plan Ecuador
Desde que asumió la presidencia del Ecuador el pasado 23 de noviembre de 2023, Daniel Noboa ha enfrentado una escalada de violencia que culminó la semana del 8 de enero con disturbios en cárceles, retención de policías, atentados con bombas, saqueos y el dramático secuestro de presentadores de televisión durante una transmisión en vivo. Noboa respondió imponiendo un estado de emergencia, abriendo así el camino para que las Fuerzas Armadas enfrenten a 22 pandillas clasificadas como "organizaciones terroristas". Dado el poder de estas organizaciones criminales transnacionales y nacionales, no es demasiado pronto para considerar un aumento en el apoyo internacional a Ecuador, mediante una versión más modesta del Plan Colombia orientada hacia las comunidades.
Cómo sacar a Venezuela de su ciclo de conflicto
Si la esperanza fuera una mercancía, estaría cotizándose alto en Venezuela actualmente. Desde que el enfoque internacional hacia la crisis venezolana se transformó de maximizar la presión sobre el régimen de Maduro mediante sanciones, amenazas y aislamiento diplomático hacia una solución negociada del conflicto, el pueblo venezolano ha permanecido firme en su determinación de llevar el proceso hasta una elección, ahora programada para el 28 de julio.
How to Get Venezuela Out of its Cycle of Conflict
If hope were a commodity, it would be trading high in Venezuela this season. Since the international approach to the Venezuelan crisis shifted from maximizing pressure on the Maduro regime through sanctions, threats and diplomatic isolation to a negotiated solution to the conflict, the Venezuelan people have remained firm in their determination to see the process through to an election, now set for July 28th.
What Does Further Expansion Mean for the Shanghai Cooperation Organization?
Last week, foreign ministers from member-states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) gathered in Astana, Kazakhstan. The nine-member SCO — made up of China, India, Russia, Pakistan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan — represents one of the largest regional organizations in the world. And with the SCO’s annual heads-of-state summit slated for early July, the ministers’ meeting offers an important glimpse into the group’s priorities going forward. USIP’s Bates Gill and Carla Freeman examine how regional security made its way to the top of the agenda, China’s evolving role in Central Asia and why SCO expansion has led to frustrations among member states.
Joseph Sany on the U.S. Withdrawal from Niger
The U.S. reached an agreement with Niger’s military junta to close two military bases in the country in what amounts to a “tactical setback” for counterterrorism efforts in the Sahel. But the closure also “forces the U.S. to review its military posture in the region,” says USIP’s Joseph Sany, adding “there may be other options.”
Argentina’s Milei Wants ‘Reconciliation’ with the Military
On March 24, Argentina’s presidency released a video aimed at providing what it called a “complete” vision of the country’s “National Day of Memory for Truth and Justice,” an annual holiday held on the anniversary of the 1976 coup d’etat that established the military regime that ruled the country until 1983.
In Myanmar’s Conflict, Don’t Mistake Complex for Intractable
Conversations about Myanmar these days tend to unfold predictably. They begin with agreement that the country’s military junta is a vile institution — illegitimate, hated by virtually the entire population, and responsible for widespread suffering and heinous crimes including genocide.
¿Puede Bolivia evitar una nueva oleada de violencia electoral en 2025?
Cuando el candidato de izquierda Luis Arce ganó las elecciones de Bolivia en 2020, muchos esperaban que el país finalmente pudiera entrar en un período de estabilidad y paz. La sorprendentemente pacífica transferencia de poder se produjo después de uno de los períodos más tumultuosos de la historia política reciente de Bolivia. El presidente Evo Morales, un líder indígena de izquierda, habia sido derrocado en 2019 después de protestas masivas y acusaciones de fraude electoral, seguidas por la controvertida presidencia interina de Jeanine Añez y las violentas y a veces letales protestas contra su gobierno, junto con la pandemia de COVID-19 en 2020. Cuando el moderado tecnócrata Arce ganó con una abrumadora victoria del 54% en la primera vuelta, se vio como un indicio que el país deseaba un semblante de unidad nacional y podría encontrar un espacio para sanar.
Can Bolivia Avoid Renewed Election Violence in 2025?
When leftist candidate Luis Arce won Bolivia’s 2020 elections, many hoped that the country could finally enter a period of stabilization and peace. The surprisingly peaceful transfer of power came after one of the most tumultuous periods of recent Bolivian political history. President Evo Morales, a leftist indigenous leader, was ousted in 2019 after massive protests and electoral fraud allegations, followed by the controversial interim presidency of Jeanine Añez and the violent and sometimes lethal protests against her government, alongside the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. When the moderate, technocrat Arce won with an overwhelming 54% victory in the first round, it was seen as an indicator the country wanted a degree of national unity and could find the space to heal.